Distributed Identity (DID), also known as Decentralized Identity, is a concept and framework that aims to give individuals control over their digital identities and personal data. It provides a way for users to create and manage their identities without relying on central authorities, such as governments or corporations. DID allows individuals to have portable, self-sovereign identities that can be used across different applications and services.
At its core, a DID is a unique identifier for an entity, whether it's an individual, organization, or even a thing. DIDs are designed to be persistent, globally unique, and cryptographically verifiable. They are typically represented as a string of characters, such as a URL, which serves as a globally resolvable identifier.
One of the key principles of DID is that the individual has control over their identity and the associated personal data. Instead of storing identity information in a centralized database, DIDs are stored on distributed ledgers or blockchains, which ensure transparency, security, and immutability. These ledgers provide a tamper-resistant and auditable record of identity-related activities.
DIDs are not just simple identifiers; they are also designed to enable secure interactions and verifiable claims. DIDs can be associated with cryptographic keys, which are used to authenticate and authorize transactions and data exchanges. This allows individuals to prove ownership of their DIDs and control access to their personal information.
Another important aspect of DIDs is the concept of verifiable credentials. Verifiable credentials are a way to represent claims or attributes about an individual, such as age, education, or membership in an organization. These credentials are cryptographically signed by the issuer and can be independently verified by relying parties without the need for a central authority. Verifiable credentials enable selective disclosure of personal information, allowing individuals to share only the necessary data while maintaining privacy and minimizing the risk of identity theft.
DID technology has the potential to revolutionize the way we think about digital identity and personal data. It puts individuals in control of their own identities, reduces reliance on centralized authorities, and enables secure and privacy-preserving interactions in the digital world. DIDs are being actively developed and standardized by organizations such as the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) and are gaining traction in various industries, including finance, healthcare, and supply chain management